زینب اخباری

For various reasons throughout history، women have suffered gender discrimination in various societies. According to some sociologists، biological differences، differences in the way of socialization and social constructions are known as the reason for this discrimination. These discriminations also existed in Hejaz before Islam. The revelation of the Qur'an، some of them were dismantled by burying the girls alive، and by referring to the divine verses، women were given a high human status. Despite the sublime teachings of the Qur'an about women، there are directional and derogatory texts against women such as treacherous، corrupt، cunning، sedition، and evil in the tradition texts. This research، using the analytical dating method of the document and the text، has investigated some Mohoon traditions against women in the form of the family. The dating of twelve traditions in this research shows that these texts were published with the narrators who were mostly governmental and ascetic by profession in the position of famous worshipers in the common circle. Some of the texts، such as Shoumi women، are the subcultures of Jahili، which were revived and republished after the death of the Prophet. Usually، the date of these texts goes back to before Islam and the date of its documents reaches the end of the first and second centuries. The origin of most of these traditions texts was the city of Basra and Kufa، then the city of Sham، which has been attributed to the Prophet by the inverted growth of documents. The study of the narrators and documents of these traditions shows that these texts have political، economic and cultural-social functions، which were created by the function of changing the family culture and taking advantage of the anti-Bani Israel sentiments close to the Prophet's lifetime. Some of these traditions have a political function to create restrictions on women's governance and empowerment، lack of social presence and their involvement in decision-making centers through changes in family culture. With the help of narrators in the position of judge and muhadith، these traditions were widely published by identifying women as examples of sedition and corruption، treachery، in order to demonstrate the government's goals by undermining the position of women in the family. Documentary dating of these texts shows their semantic correlation with various events of the Umayyad، Abbasid period and their political goals، which happened through the compilation، gradual or development and growth of the text of the hadiths. As an example of thought، the way of ruling the second caliph and the Battle of Jamal played an effective role in creating and expanding these traditio   While these texts are related to the verses of the Qur'an and the concepts it provides about women And it is also in conflict with the character of the Ahl al-Bayt، peace be upon them، to the extent that it questions the authenticity of these texts in the tradition discourse of the Prophet   and her Ahl al-Bayt.